But, please say, “ohayou-gozaimasu” to a higher person.Īlice: Yes, I understood. In the morning, everybody says, “ohayou”. Kaga-sensei: Please memorize this too (in preparation for the future). Only, when you write it, you must write “konnichiha” and not “konnichiwa”.Īlice: Is that so? Are there any other good expressions? Kaga-sensei: Well, mostly, I think people say “konnichiwa”. アリス: はい、 分かりました。 間違えないように します。 いい 勉強に なりました! Literal translation of Example 1Īlice: Kaga-sensei, is it ok to ask you a question?Īlice: If you say what for “hello” in Japanese, is it ok? 「と 言うと 思います」 = quoted sub-clause + quoted sub-clause 何と 言えば = quoted sub-clause + if conditional of 言う This is of course by no means an exhaustive list but merely an illustration of how we can use what we learned in various combinations to create a lot of useful expressions. Let’s try to put it all together by seeing how different kinds of conjugations are used in different combinations. We learned quite a lot of things in this section. 怠ける 【なま・ける】 (ru-verb) – to neglect, to be lazy about.These examples may not be very helpful without actually hearing what they sound like. 「ぞ」 and 「ぜ」 are identical to 「よ」 except that it makes you sound “cool” and manly, or at least, that is the intent. 「かしら」 is also a very feminine version of 「かな」, which we just went over. Using 「わ」 is just like 「よ」 except it will make you sound very feminine (this is a different sound from the 「わ」 used in Kansai dialect). However, they can make your statements sound much stronger and/or very gender-specific. These sentence-ending particles are primarily used just to emphasize something and doesn’t really have a meaning per se. Gender-specific sentence-ending particles I’m going to see a movie Saturday, go together? What time were (you) planning on coming home exactly? 「かい」 is used for yes/no questions while 「だい」 is used for open-ended questions. 「かい」 and 「だい」 are strongly masculine sentence endings for asking questions. 一体 【いったい】 – forms an emphatic question (e.g.「かい」 and 「だい」 sentence-ending particles Vocabulary The 「な」 sentence-ending particle is often used with the question marker 「か」 to indicate that the speaker is considering something. You’ll become able to understand for sure, you know? Yousuke: You are going to the library now huh? (seeking explanation)īob: I studied Japanese a lot, right? But, I still don’t get it at all.Īlice: No problem. Its rough sound generally applies to the male gender but is not necessarily restricted to only males. You can use 「な」 in place of 「ね」 when it sounds too soft and reserved for what you want to say or for the audience you are speaking to. A: ディズニーランドに 行ったんだけど さ、 なんか さ、 すごい 込んでて・・・Ī: I went to Disney Land and it was really crowded…Īnd it goes on like this, sometimes the other person might break in to say something related to the topic. You may overhear a conversation like the following: In that sense, due to its over-use, it has almost lost any specific meaning. Of course, that doesn’t mean it’s necessarily a very sophisticated manner of speech but just like using “like” all the time, I cannot deny that it is an easy habit to fall into. 「さ」, which is basically a very casual form of 「よ」, is similar to the English “like” in that some people throw it in at the end of almost every single phrase. 全然 【ぜん・ぜん】 – not at all (when used with negative)Īfter the 「よ」 and 「ね」, 「さ」 and 「な」 are the next most commonly used sentence-ending particles.間 【あいだ】 – space (between) time (between) period.「な」 and 「さ」 sentence-ending particles Vocabulary But first, since we’ve come to the end of yet another section, let’s learn some more sentence-endings particles. Of course this can be a little difficult to do without some practice, which is the reason for this lesson. Do you feel like your Japanese has improved? We’ve come to the point where we’ve learned enough conjugations to be able to start mixing them together in various useful combinations. We are coming to the end of the fourth major section of the guide.
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